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SED Commands

SED commands and their usages When we need to search, replace, insert, delete in a file then we use SED command. Opening a file in editor and then do search and replace will be lengthy process, to avoid this manual…

AWK Commands

AWK and CUT commands and their usage AWK commands Before going to look at the commands and their usage lets understand why we need AWK, what was the requirement which led us to use AWK commands. So if we need…

GREP Commands

GREP commands and their usages Before understanding about GREP lets understand why we need this and how this is helping us by saving our time from manual works. If I am looking for a particular string/specific pattern from a file…

Basic Linux Commands

List of Basic Linux Commands Create directory Mkdir is the command which we use to create directory, mkdir is short form of make directory. The command structure is as per below. mkdir <directory_name> Example mkdir ivlsi_physicalDesign Change Directory Change directory…

VIAs in VLSI

What are VIAs in VLSI? Types of VIAs Single Cut Via Single cut via is a type of via where we have only one poly connection between the two connecting metal layers. Below picture will explain better. Multi Cut Via…

Pitch, Spacing & Offset

Pitch The distance between the center to center of the metal is called as pitch. In the below picture, B is pitch. Spacing Spacing is the distance between the edge to edge metal layers. The distance A is spacing in…

Metal Layers

What are Metal Layers?                 In the above figure, we can see that two points need to get connected through the different metal layers which is horizontal and vertical.  

Routing

Overview of Routing Types of Routes Clock physical routing is completed during CTS after clock buffer insertion. Pre-Route Checks The pre-route checks that need to be done are as follows: Goals of Routing